Android 5.1settings源码简要分析

最新推荐文章于 2022-01-19 17:14:08 发布

一个Android菜鸡到高手的蜕变

最新推荐文章于 2022-01-19 17:14:08 发布

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本文分析了L平台上的Settings模块启动流程及某项设置的实现细节。从KK平台到L平台，Settings模块发生了显著变化，如取消了开关控件等。文章深入探讨了Settings模块的Activity继承关系和界面初始化过程。

摘要生成于 C知道，由 DeepSeek-R1 满血版支持，前往体验 >

先声明：本人工作快两年了，仍是菜鸟级别的，惭愧啊！以前遇到好多知识点都没有记录下来，感觉挺可惜的，现在有机会接触Android 源码。我们一个Android组的搞Setting，我觉得是得写得东西，毕竟才接触，现在只能看一段时间代码，就先记录下一些收获吧，说多了就是泪~本文主要针对L平台上Settings模块正常启动流程做一个简要分析，并试着分析一下Settings下面某选项的实现。

Setting 简介

在之前的KK平台上Settings模块的第一个Activity名字为Settings，其继承的是PreferenceActivity，设置的每一个选项都是对应的一个Header对象，并且Header对象允许显示switch控件，button控件，checkbox控件等。如下图1.1，WLAN和蓝牙上使用到了switch开关。但在L上面，WLAN和蓝牙的这两个开关已经去掉了，如图1.2，在Settings模块的首个页面似乎就只是一个普通的Listview，那它用的还是不是Header呢？或者说取而代之的是什么呢？继续往下看吧~

图片1.1
图片-1.1
这里写图片描述
图片-1.2

L Settings 模块首界面初始化流程

L Settings模块首界面为Settings，继承自SettingsActivity，SettingsActivity继承自Activity。

首先看一下Settings.Java代码可以发现它没有重写任何SettingsActiviy的方法，也没有增加任何自己的方法，唯独增加了许多静态内部类，如：

<code class="hljs java has-numbering"><span class="hljs-javadoc">/**
 * Top-level Settings activity
 */</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-class"><span class="hljs-keyword">class</span> <span class="hljs-title">Settings</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">extends</span> <span class="hljs-title">SettingsActivity</span> {</span>

    <span class="hljs-comment">/*
    * Settings subclasses for launching independently.
    */</span>
    <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">static</span> <span class="hljs-class"><span class="hljs-keyword">class</span> <span class="hljs-title">BluetoothSettingsActivity</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">extends</span> <span class="hljs-title">SettingsActivity</span> {</span> <span class="hljs-comment">/* empty */</span> }
    <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">static</span> <span class="hljs-class"><span class="hljs-keyword">class</span> <span class="hljs-title">WirelessSettingsActivity</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">extends</span> <span class="hljs-title">SettingsActivity</span> {</span> <span class="hljs-comment">/* empty */</span> }
    <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">static</span> <span class="hljs-class"><span class="hljs-keyword">class</span> <span class="hljs-title">SimSettingsActivity</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">extends</span> <span class="hljs-title">SettingsActivity</span> {</span> <span class="hljs-comment">/* empty */</span> }
    <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">static</span> <span class="hljs-class"><span class="hljs-keyword">class</span> <span class="hljs-title">TetherSettingsActivity</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">extends</span> <span class="hljs-title">SettingsActivity</span> {</span> <span class="hljs-comment">/* empty */</span> }
    <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">static</span> <span class="hljs-class"><span class="hljs-keyword">class</span> <span class="hljs-title">VpnSettingsActivity</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">extends</span> <span class="hljs-title">SettingsActivity</span> {</span> <span class="hljs-comment">/* empty */</span> }
    <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">static</span> <span class="hljs-class"><span class="hljs-keyword">class</span> <span class="hljs-title">DateTimeSettingsActivity</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">extends</span> <span class="hljs-title">SettingsActivity</span> {</span> <span class="hljs-comment">/* empty */</span> }
    <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">static</span> <span class="hljs-class"><span class="hljs-keyword">class</span> <span class="hljs-title">StorageSettingsActivity</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">extends</span> <span class="hljs-title">SettingsActivity</span> {</span> <span class="hljs-comment">/* empty */</span> }
    <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">static</span> <span class="hljs-class"><span class="hljs-keyword">class</span> <span class="hljs-title">WifiSettingsActivity</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">extends</span> <span class="hljs-title">SettingsActivity</span> {</span> <span class="hljs-comment">/* empty */</span> }
    <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">static</span> <span class="hljs-class"><span class="hljs-keyword">class</span> <span class="hljs-title">WifiP2pSettingsActivity</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">extends</span> <span class="hljs-title">SettingsActivity</span> {</span> <span class="hljs-comment">/* empty */</span> }
    <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">static</span> <span class="hljs-class"><span class="hljs-keyword">class</span> <span class="hljs-title">InputMethodAndLanguageSettingsActivity</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">extends</span> <span class="hljs-title">SettingsActivity</span> {</span> <span class="hljs-comment">/* empty */</span> }
    <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">static</span> <span class="hljs-class"><span class="hljs-keyword">class</span> <span class="hljs-title">KeyboardLayoutPickerActivity</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">extends</span> <span class="hljs-title">SettingsActivity</span> {</span> <span class="hljs-comment">/* empty */</span> }
    <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">static</span> <span class="hljs-class"><span class="hljs-keyword">class</span> <span class="hljs-title">InputMethodAndSubtypeEnablerActivity</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">extends</span> <span class="hljs-title">SettingsActivity</span> {</span> <span class="hljs-comment">/* empty */</span> }
    <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">static</span> <span class="hljs-class"><span class="hljs-keyword">class</span> <span class="hljs-title">VoiceInputSettingsActivity</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">extends</span> <span class="hljs-title">SettingsActivity</span> {</span> <span class="hljs-comment">/* empty */</span> }
    <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">static</span> <span class="hljs-class"><span class="hljs-keyword">class</span> <span class="hljs-title">SpellCheckersSettingsActivity</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">extends</span> <span class="hljs-title">SettingsActivity</span> {</span> <span class="hljs-comment">/* empty */</span> }
    <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">static</span> <span class="hljs-class"><span class="hljs-keyword">class</span> <span class="hljs-title">LocalePickerActivity</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">extends</span> <span class="hljs-title">SettingsActivity</span> {</span> <span class="hljs-comment">/* empty */</span> }
    <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">static</span> <span class="hljs-class"><span class="hljs-keyword">class</span> <span class="hljs-title">UserDictionarySettingsActivity</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">extends</span> <span class="hljs-title">SettingsActivity</span> {</span> <span class="hljs-comment">/* empty */</span> }
    <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">static</span> <span class="hljs-class"><span class="hljs-keyword">class</span> <span class="hljs-title">HomeSettingsActivity</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">extends</span> <span class="hljs-title">SettingsActivity</span> {</span> <span class="hljs-comment">/* empty */</span> }
    ...
    }</code><ul style="" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li><li>2</li><li>3</li><li>4</li><li>5</li><li>6</li><li>7</li><li>8</li><li>9</li><li>10</li><li>11</li><li>12</li><li>13</li><li>14</li><li>15</li><li>16</li><li>17</li><li>18</li><li>19</li><li>20</li><li>21</li><li>22</li><li>23</li><li>24</li><li>25</li><li>26</li><li>27</li></ul><ul style="" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li><li>2</li><li>3</li><li>4</li><li>5</li><li>6</li><li>7</li><li>8</li><li>9</li><li>10</li><li>11</li><li>12</li><li>13</li><li>14</li><li>15</li><li>16</li><li>17</li><li>18</li><li>19</li><li>20</li><li>21</li><li>22</li><li>23</li><li>24</li><li>25</li><li>26</li><li>27</li></ul>

看注释可以知道，这些子类是为了启动特定独立的Settings选项而创建的，例如在某个应用里需要设置无线那么只需要启动 WirelessSettingsActivity 就可以了。

所以Settings模块的启动流程直接看SettingsActiviy就行了。
1. SettingsActivity.onCreate方法
onCreate方法是Activity的生命周期第一步，看看 SettingsActivity在这里都做了些什么？

<code class="hljs sql has-numbering"> // Should happen before any <span class="hljs-operator"><span class="hljs-keyword">call</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">to</span> getIntent()

     getMetaData();</span></code><ul style="" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li><li>2</li><li>3</li></ul><ul style="" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li><li>2</li><li>3</li></ul>

这个方法用来获得Activity的额外数据mFragmentClass，如果可以获得这个数据，那么下面会去显示mFragmentClass对应的Activity。直接启动Settings模块不会获得这个数据。

<code class="hljs avrasm has-numbering">     mIsShowingDashboard = className<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.equals</span>(Settings<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.class</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor">.getName</span>())<span class="hljs-comment">;</span></code><ul style="" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li></ul><ul style="" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li></ul>

这一步很重要，因为我们是从Settings这个Activity过来的，所以这里的 mIsShowingDashboard 为 true 。

<code class="hljs vhdl has-numbering">         // This <span class="hljs-keyword">is</span> a <span class="hljs-string">"Sub Settings"</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">when</span>:

        // - this <span class="hljs-keyword">is</span> a real SubSettings

        // - <span class="hljs-keyword">or</span> :settings:show_fragment_as_subsetting <span class="hljs-keyword">is</span> passed <span class="hljs-keyword">to</span> the Intent

        final <span class="hljs-typename">boolean</span> isSubSettings = className.equals(SubSettings.class.getName()) ||

                intent.getBooleanExtra(EXTRA_SHOW_FRAGMENT_AS_SUBSETTING, false);</code><ul style="" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li><li>2</li><li>3</li><li>4</li><li>5</li><li>6</li><li>7</li><li>8</li><li>9</li></ul><ul style="" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li><li>2</li><li>3</li><li>4</li><li>5</li><li>6</li><li>7</li><li>8</li><li>9</li></ul>

这个判断很重要但很明显这时isSubSettings的值是fasle，暂时忽略。

<code class="hljs avrasm has-numbering">  setContentView(mIsShowingDashboard ?

                R<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.layout</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor">.settings</span>_main_dashboard : R<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.layout</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor">.settings</span>_main_prefs)<span class="hljs-comment">;</span></code><ul style="" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li><li>2</li><li>3</li></ul><ul style="" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li><li>2</li><li>3</li></ul>

前面知道这里的 mIsShowingDashboard为true，所以这里使用的布局文件为R.layout.settings_main_dashboard。settings_main_dashboard.xml文件如下：

<code class="hljs xml has-numbering"><span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">FrameLayout</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">xmlns:android</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"</span>

             <span class="hljs-attribute">android:id</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@+id/main_content"</span>

             <span class="hljs-attribute">android:layout_height</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"match_parent"</span>

             <span class="hljs-attribute">android:layout_width</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"match_parent"</span>

             <span class="hljs-attribute">android:background</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@color/dashboard_background_color"</span>

             /></span></code><ul style="" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li><li>2</li><li>3</li><li>4</li><li>5</li><li>6</li><li>7</li><li>8</li><li>9</li><li>10</li><li>11</li></ul><ul style="" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li><li>2</li><li>3</li><li>4</li><li>5</li><li>6</li><li>7</li><li>8</li><li>9</li><li>10</li><li>11</li></ul>

由于mIsShowingDashboard为true，直接走到下面这段

<code class="hljs d has-numbering">  <span class="hljs-keyword">else</span> {

                <span class="hljs-comment">// No UP affordance if we are displaying the main Dashboard</span>

                mDisplayHomeAsUpEnabled = <span class="hljs-literal">false</span>;

                <span class="hljs-comment">// Show Search affordance</span>

                mDisplaySearch = <span class="hljs-literal">true</span>;

                mInitialTitleResId = R.<span class="hljs-built_in">string</span>.dashboard_title;

                switchToFragment(DashboardSummary.<span class="hljs-keyword">class</span>.getName(), <span class="hljs-literal">null</span>, <span class="hljs-literal">false</span>, <span class="hljs-literal">false</span>,

                        mInitialTitleResId, mInitialTitle, <span class="hljs-literal">false</span>);

              }

</code><ul style="" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li><li>2</li><li>3</li><li>4</li><li>5</li><li>6</li><li>7</li><li>8</li><li>9</li><li>10</li><li>11</li><li>12</li><li>13</li><li>14</li><li>15</li><li>16</li><li>17</li><li>18</li><li>19</li></ul><ul style="" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li><li>2</li><li>3</li><li>4</li><li>5</li><li>6</li><li>7</li><li>8</li><li>9</li><li>10</li><li>11</li><li>12</li><li>13</li><li>14</li><li>15</li><li>16</li><li>17</li><li>18</li><li>19</li></ul>

这里看到switchToFragment这个方法，可以知道这里是要切换DashboardSummary这个Fragment.

接下来就看看DashboardSummary是个什么玩意？

dashboard中文意思是仪表盘，这里是指DashboardSummary就是用来显示Settings所有选项的。

在DashboardSummary的onCreateView里加载了这个布局文件R.layout.dashboard

<code class="hljs perl has-numbering"><ScrollView xmlns:android=<span class="hljs-string">"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"</span>

    android:id=<span class="hljs-string">"<span class="hljs-variable">@+</span>id/dashboard"</span>

    android:layout_width=<span class="hljs-string">"match_parent"</span>

    android:layout_height=<span class="hljs-string">"match_parent"</span>

    android:scrollbarStyle=<span class="hljs-string">"outsideOverlay"</span>

    android:clipToPadding=<span class="hljs-string">"false"</span>>



        <LinearLayout

                android:id=<span class="hljs-string">"<span class="hljs-variable">@+</span>id/dashboard_container"</span>

                android:layout_width=<span class="hljs-string">"match_parent"</span>

                android:layout_height=<span class="hljs-string">"match_parent"</span>

                android:layout_gravity=<span class="hljs-string">"center_horizontal"</span>

                android:paddingStart=<span class="hljs-string">"<span class="hljs-variable">@dimen</span>/dashboard_padding_start"</span>

                android:paddingEnd=<span class="hljs-string">"<span class="hljs-variable">@dimen</span>/dashboard_padding_end"</span>

                android:paddingTop=<span class="hljs-string">"<span class="hljs-variable">@dimen</span>/dashboard_padding_top"</span>

                android:paddingBottom=<span class="hljs-string">"<span class="hljs-variable">@dimen</span>/dashboard_padding_bottom"</span>

                android:orientation=<span class="hljs-string">"vertical"</span>

                />



<<span class="hljs-regexp">/ScrollView></span></code><ul style="" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li><li>2</li><li>3</li><li>4</li><li>5</li><li>6</li><li>7</li><li>8</li><li>9</li><li>10</li><li>11</li><li>12</li><li>13</li><li>14</li><li>15</li><li>16</li><li>17</li><li>18</li><li>19</li><li>20</li><li>21</li><li>22</li><li>23</li><li>24</li><li>25</li><li>26</li><li>27</li><li>28</li><li>29</li><li>30</li><li>31</li><li>32</li><li>33</li><li>34</li><li>35</li><li>36</li><li>37</li><li>38</li><li>39</li></ul><ul style="" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li><li>2</li><li>3</li><li>4</li><li>5</li><li>6</li><li>7</li><li>8</li><li>9</li><li>10</li><li>11</li><li>12</li><li>13</li><li>14</li><li>15</li><li>16</li><li>17</li><li>18</li><li>19</li><li>20</li><li>21</li><li>22</li><li>23</li><li>24</li><li>25</li><li>26</li><li>27</li><li>28</li><li>29</li><li>30</li><li>31</li><li>32</li><li>33</li><li>34</li><li>35</li><li>36</li><li>37</li><li>38</li><li>39</li></ul>

看了上面的布局文件可以知道Settings的选项视图应该就是显示在dashboard_container中了。

DashboardSummary走完onCreateView方法后会走onResume,然后一路下来又会调到SettingsActivity的

<code class="hljs avrasm has-numbering">loadCategoriesFromResource(R<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.xml</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor">.dashboard</span>_categories, categories)<span class="hljs-comment">;</span></code><ul style="" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li></ul><ul style="" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li></ul>

这一步是通过 R.xml.dashboard_categories来加载categories，这里的categorys为ArrayList mCategories。接着来看看dashboard_categories.xml这个文件吧

<code class="hljs xml has-numbering"><span class="hljs-pi"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?></span>
<span class="hljs-comment"><!-- Copyright (C) 2014 The Android Open Source Project

     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
     You may obtain a copy of the License at

          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
     limitations under the License.
--></span>

<span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">dashboard-categories
</span>        <span class="hljs-attribute">xmlns:android</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"</span>></span>

    <span class="hljs-comment"><!-- WIRELESS and NETWORKS --></span>
    <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">dashboard-category
</span>            <span class="hljs-attribute">android:id</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@+id/wireless_section"</span>
            <span class="hljs-attribute">android:title</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@string/header_category_wireless_networks"</span> ></span>

        <span class="hljs-comment"><!-- Wifi --></span>
        <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">dashboard-tile
</span>                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:id</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@+id/wifi_settings"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:title</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@string/wifi_settings_title"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:fragment</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"com.android.settings.wifi.WifiSettings"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:icon</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@drawable/ic_settings_wireless"</span>
                /></span>

        <span class="hljs-comment"><!--HetComm--></span>
        <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">dashboard-tile
</span>                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:id</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@+id/hetcomm_settings"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:icon</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@drawable/ic_settings_hetcomm"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:title</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@string/hetcom_setting_title"</span>></span>
            <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">intent</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">android:action</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"com.android.settings.HETCOMM_SETTINGS"</span> /></span>
        <span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">dashboard-tile</span>></span>

        <span class="hljs-comment"><!-- Bluetooth --></span>
        <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">dashboard-tile
</span>                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:id</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@+id/bluetooth_settings"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:title</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@string/bluetooth_settings_title"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:fragment</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"com.android.settings.bluetooth.BluetoothSettings"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:icon</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@drawable/ic_settings_bluetooth2"</span>
                /></span>

        <span class="hljs-comment"><!-- Hotknot --></span>
        <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">dashboard-tile
</span>                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:id</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@+id/hotknot_settings"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:title</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@string/hotknot_settings_title"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:fragment</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"com.mediatek.settings.hotknot.HotKnotSettings"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:icon</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@drawable/ic_settings_hotknot"</span> 
                /></span>

        <span class="hljs-comment"><!-- SIM Cards --></span>
        <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">dashboard-tile
</span>                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:id</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@+id/sim_settings"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:title</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@string/sim_settings_title"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:fragment</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"com.android.settings.sim.SimSettings"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:icon</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@drawable/ic_sim_sd"</span>
                /></span>

        <span class="hljs-comment"><!-- Data Usage --></span>
        <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">dashboard-tile
</span>                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:id</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@+id/data_usage_settings"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:title</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@string/data_usage_summary_title"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:fragment</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"com.android.settings.DataUsageSummary"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:icon</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@drawable/ic_settings_data_usage"</span>
                /></span>

        <span class="hljs-comment"><!-- Operator hook --></span>
        <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">dashboard-tile
</span>                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:id</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@+id/operator_settings"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:fragment</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"com.android.settings.WirelessSettings"</span> ></span>
            <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">intent</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">android:action</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"com.android.settings.OPERATOR_APPLICATION_SETTING"</span> /></span>
        <span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">dashboard-tile</span>></span>

        <span class="hljs-comment"><!-- Other wireless and network controls --></span>
        <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">dashboard-tile
</span>                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:id</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@+id/wireless_settings"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:title</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@string/radio_controls_title"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:fragment</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"com.android.settings.WirelessSettings"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:icon</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@drawable/ic_settings_more"</span>
                /></span>

    <span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">dashboard-category</span>></span>

    <span class="hljs-comment"><!-- DEVICE --></span>
    <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">dashboard-category
</span>            <span class="hljs-attribute">android:id</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@+id/device_section"</span>
            <span class="hljs-attribute">android:title</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@string/header_category_device"</span> ></span>

        <span class="hljs-comment"><!-- Home --></span>
        <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">dashboard-tile
</span>                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:id</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@+id/home_settings"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:title</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@string/home_settings"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:fragment</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"com.android.settings.HomeSettings"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:icon</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@drawable/ic_settings_home"</span>
                /></span>

        <span class="hljs-comment"><!-- Display --></span>
        <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">dashboard-tile
</span>                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:id</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@+id/display_settings"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:title</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@string/display_settings"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:fragment</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"com.android.settings.DisplaySettings"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:icon</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@drawable/ic_settings_display"</span>
                /></span>

        <span class="hljs-comment"><!-- Notifications --></span>
        <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">dashboard-tile
</span>                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:id</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@+id/notification_settings"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:title</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@string/notification_settings"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:fragment</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"com.mediatek.audioprofile.AudioProfileSettings"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:icon</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@drawable/ic_settings_notifications"</span>
                /></span>

        <span class="hljs-comment"><!-- Storage --></span>
        <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">dashboard-tile
</span>                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:id</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@+id/storage_settings"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:title</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@string/storage_settings"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:fragment</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"com.android.settings.deviceinfo.Memory"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:icon</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@drawable/ic_settings_storage"</span>
                /></span>

        <span class="hljs-comment"><!-- Battery --></span>
        <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">dashboard-tile
</span>                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:id</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@+id/battery_settings"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:title</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@string/power_usage_summary_title"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:fragment</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"com.android.settings.fuelgauge.PowerUsageSummary"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:icon</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@drawable/ic_settings_battery"</span>
                /></span>

        <span class="hljs-comment"><!-- Application Settings --></span>
        <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">dashboard-tile
</span>                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:id</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@+id/application_settings"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:title</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@string/applications_settings"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:fragment</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"com.android.settings.applications.ManageApplications"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:icon</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@drawable/ic_settings_applications"</span>
                /></span>

        <span class="hljs-comment"><!-- Manage users --></span>
        <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">dashboard-tile
</span>                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:id</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@+id/user_settings"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:title</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@string/user_settings_title"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:fragment</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"com.android.settings.users.UserSettings"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:icon</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@drawable/ic_settings_multiuser"</span>
                /></span>

        <span class="hljs-comment"><!-- Manage NFC payment apps --></span>
        <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">dashboard-tile
</span>                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:id</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@+id/nfc_payment_settings"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:title</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@string/nfc_payment_settings_title"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:fragment</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"com.android.settings.nfc.PaymentSettings"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:icon</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@drawable/ic_settings_nfc_payment"</span>
                /></span>

        <span class="hljs-comment"><!-- Manufacturer hook --></span>
        <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">dashboard-tile
</span>                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:id</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@+id/manufacturer_settings"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:fragment</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"com.android.settings.WirelessSettings"</span>></span>
            <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">intent</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">android:action</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"com.android.settings.MANUFACTURER_APPLICATION_SETTING"</span> /></span>
        <span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">dashboard-tile</span>></span>

    <span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">dashboard-category</span>></span>

    <span class="hljs-comment"><!-- PERSONAL --></span>
    <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">dashboard-category
</span>            <span class="hljs-attribute">android:id</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@+id/personal_section"</span>
            <span class="hljs-attribute">android:title</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@string/header_category_personal"</span> ></span>

        <span class="hljs-comment"><!-- Location --></span>
        <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">dashboard-tile
</span>                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:id</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@+id/location_settings"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:title</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@string/location_settings_title"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:fragment</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"com.android.settings.location.LocationSettings"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:icon</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@drawable/ic_settings_location"</span>
                /></span>

        <span class="hljs-comment"><!-- Security --></span>
        <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">dashboard-tile
</span>                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:id</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@+id/security_settings"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:title</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@string/security_settings_title"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:fragment</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"com.android.settings.SecuritySettings"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:icon</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@drawable/ic_settings_security"</span>
                /></span>

        <span class="hljs-comment"><!-- Account --></span>
        <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">dashboard-tile
</span>                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:id</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@+id/account_settings"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:title</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@string/account_settings_title"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:fragment</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"com.android.settings.accounts.AccountSettings"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:icon</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@drawable/ic_settings_accounts"</span>
                /></span>

        <span class="hljs-comment"><!-- Language --></span>
        <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">dashboard-tile
</span>                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:id</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@+id/language_settings"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:title</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@string/language_settings"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:fragment</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"com.android.settings.inputmethod.InputMethodAndLanguageSettings"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:icon</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@drawable/ic_settings_language"</span>
                /></span>

        <span class="hljs-comment"><!-- Backup and reset --></span>
        <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">dashboard-tile
</span>                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:id</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@+id/privacy_settings"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:title</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@string/privacy_settings"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:fragment</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"com.android.settings.PrivacySettings"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:icon</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@drawable/ic_settings_backup"</span>
                /></span>

    <span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">dashboard-category</span>></span>

    <span class="hljs-comment"><!-- SYSTEM --></span>
    <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">dashboard-category
</span>        <span class="hljs-attribute">android:id</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@+id/system_section"</span>
        <span class="hljs-attribute">android:title</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@string/header_category_system"</span> ></span>

        <span class="hljs-comment"><!-- Date & Time --></span>
        <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">dashboard-tile
</span>                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:id</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@+id/date_time_settings"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:title</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@string/date_and_time_settings_title"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:fragment</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"com.android.settings.DateTimeSettings"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:icon</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@drawable/ic_settings_date_time"</span>
                /></span>

        <span class="hljs-comment"><!--Scheduled power on&off--></span>
        <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">dashboard-tile
</span>                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:id</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@+id/power_settings"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:icon</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@drawable/ic_settings_schpwronoff"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:title</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@string/schedule_power_on_off_settings_title"</span>></span>
            <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">intent</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">android:action</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"com.android.settings.SCHEDULE_POWER_ON_OFF_SETTING"</span> /></span>
        <span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">dashboard-tile</span>></span>

        <span class="hljs-comment"><!-- Accessibility feedback --></span>
        <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">dashboard-tile
</span>                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:id</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@+id/accessibility_settings"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:title</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@string/accessibility_settings"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:fragment</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"com.android.settings.accessibility.AccessibilitySettings"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:icon</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@drawable/ic_settings_accessibility"</span>
                /></span>

        <span class="hljs-comment"><!-- Print --></span>
        <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">dashboard-tile
</span>                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:id</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@+id/print_settings"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:title</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@string/print_settings"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:fragment</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"com.android.settings.print.PrintSettingsFragment"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:icon</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@drawable/ic_settings_print"</span>
                /></span>

        <span class="hljs-comment"><!-- Development --></span>
        <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">dashboard-tile
</span>                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:id</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@+id/development_settings"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:title</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@string/development_settings_title"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:fragment</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"com.android.settings.DevelopmentSettings"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:icon</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@drawable/ic_settings_development"</span>
                /></span>

        <span class="hljs-comment"><!-- About Device --></span>
        <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">dashboard-tile
</span>                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:id</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@+id/about_settings"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:title</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@string/about_settings"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:fragment</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"com.android.settings.DeviceInfoSettings"</span>
                <span class="hljs-attribute">android:icon</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"@drawable/ic_settings_about"</span>
                /></span>

    <span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">dashboard-category</span>></span>

<span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">dashboard-categories</span>></span>
</code><ul style="" 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根据这个文件我们可以知道了，所谓的dashboard就是Settings模块首界面的一个抽象。而dashboard-categorys则是设置分类集合的抽象，而dashboard-category是分类的抽象，dashboard-tile就是分类下每个选项的抽象了。代码中的List对应dashboard-categorys， DashboardCategory对应dashboard-category，而dashboard-tile则对因代码中的DashboardTile。

当加载完这些对象后SettingsActivity会将得到的 mCategories 返回给DashboardSummary来初始化Settings的设置选项。

下面这段代码就是DashboardSummary.rebuildUI()中完成界面的初始化

<code class="hljs avrasm has-numbering">   long start = System<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.currentTimeMillis</span>()<span class="hljs-comment">;</span>

        final Resources res = getResources()<span class="hljs-comment">;</span>



        mDashboard<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.removeAllViews</span>()<span class="hljs-comment">;</span>



        List<DashboardCategory> categories =

                ((SettingsActivity) context)<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.getDashboardCategories</span>(true)<span class="hljs-comment">;</span>



        final int count = categories<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.size</span>()<span class="hljs-comment">;</span>

        for (int n = <span class="hljs-number">0</span><span class="hljs-comment">; n < count; n++) {</span>

            DashboardCategory category = categories<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.get</span>(n)<span class="hljs-comment">;</span>



            View categoryView = mLayoutInflater<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.inflate</span>(R<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.layout</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor">.dashboard</span>_category, mDashboard,

                    false)<span class="hljs-comment">;</span>



            TextView categoryLabel = (TextView) categoryView<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.findViewById</span>(R<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.id</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor">.category</span>_title)<span class="hljs-comment">;</span>

            categoryLabel<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.setText</span>(category<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.getTitle</span>(res))<span class="hljs-comment">;</span>



            ViewGroup categoryContent =

                    (ViewGroup) categoryView<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.findViewById</span>(R<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.id</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor">.category</span>_content)<span class="hljs-comment">;</span>



            final int tilesCount = category<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.getTilesCount</span>()<span class="hljs-comment">;</span>

            for (int i = <span class="hljs-number">0</span><span class="hljs-comment">; i < tilesCount; i++) {</span>

                DashboardTile tile = category<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.getTile</span>(i)<span class="hljs-comment">;</span>



                DashboardTileView tileView = new DashboardTileView(context)<span class="hljs-comment">;</span>

                updateTileView(context, res, tile, tileView<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.getImageView</span>(),

                        tileView<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.getTitleTextView</span>(), tileView<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.getStatusTextView</span>())<span class="hljs-comment">;</span>



                tileView<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.setTile</span>(tile)<span class="hljs-comment">;</span>



                categoryContent<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.addView</span>(tileView)<span class="hljs-comment">;</span>

            }



            // <span class="hljs-keyword">Add</span> the category

            mDashboard<span class="hljs-preprocessor">.addView</span>(categoryView)<span class="hljs-comment">;</span>

        }</code><ul style="" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li><li>2</li><li>3</li><li>4</li><li>5</li><li>6</li><li>7</li><li>8</li><li>9</li><li>10</li><li>11</li><li>12</li><li>13</li><li>14</li><li>15</li><li>16</li><li>17</li><li>18</li><li>19</li><li>20</li><li>21</li><li>22</li><li>23</li><li>24</li><li>25</li><li>26</li><li>27</li><li>28</li><li>29</li><li>30</li><li>31</li><li>32</li><li>33</li><li>34</li><li>35</li><li>36</li><li>37</li><li>38</li><li>39</li><li>40</li><li>41</li><li>42</li><li>43</li><li>44</li><li>45</li><li>46</li><li>47</li><li>48</li><li>49</li><li>50</li><li>51</li><li>52</li><li>53</li><li>54</li><li>55</li><li>56</li><li>57</li><li>58</li><li>59</li><li>60</li><li>61</li><li>62</li><li>63</li><li>64</li><li>65</li><li>66</li><li>67</li><li>68</li><li>69</li><li>70</li><li>71</li><li>72</li><li>73</li></ul><ul style="" class="pre-numbering"><li>1</li><li>2</li><li>3</li><li>4</li><li>5</li><li>6</li><li>7</li><li>8</li><li>9</li><li>10</li><li>11</li><li>12</li><li>13</li><li>14</li><li>15</li><li>16</li><li>17</li><li>18</li><li>19</li><li>20</li><li>21</li><li>22</li><li>23</li><li>24</li><li>25</li><li>26</li><li>27</li><li>28</li><li>29</li><li>30</li><li>31</li><li>32</li><li>33</li><li>34</li><li>35</li><li>36</li><li>37</li><li>38</li><li>39</li><li>40</li><li>41</li><li>42</li><li>43</li><li>44</li><li>45</li><li>46</li><li>47</li><li>48</li><li>49</li><li>50</li><li>51</li><li>52</li><li>53</li><li>54</li><li>55</li><li>56</li><li>57</li><li>58</li><li>59</li><li>60</li><li>61</li><li>62</li><li>63</li><li>64</li><li>65</li><li>66</li><li>67</li><li>68</li><li>69</li><li>70</li><li>71</li><li>72</li><li>73</li></ul>

这段代码我就不具体分析了，逻辑很简单，遍历categories这个列表来获取DashboardCategory对象，将所有DashboardCategory对象和DashboardCategory对象中的DashboardTile对象转化为视图对象并添加到主视图对象mDashboard中。

到这里SettingsActivity的onCreate方法就算结束了。总结一下，

1.onCreate完成的任务是切换DashboardSmmary这个Fragment，然后从dashboard_categories.xml中读取预先配置好的文件来初始化Settings的首界面视图。
2.L中舍弃了Header类，取而代之的是DashboardCategory和DashboardTile类。