Flutter权限申请

最新推荐文章于 2025-09-25 00:08:09 发布

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本文介绍了如何在Flutter应用中使用permission_handler库来管理Android和iOS的权限。首先在pubspec.yaml中引入库，然后更新Android的gradle.properties和build.gradle文件，以及iOS的Podfile和Info.plist。接着展示了如何申请单个和多个权限，以及在权限被拒绝时如何引导用户到系统设置页面。最后提供了一个请求录音和相机权限的示例。

一、引入permission_handler库

在pubspec.yaml文件中引入permission_handler库

  permission_handler: ^9.0.2

permission_handler库地址：https://pub.flutter-io.cn/packages/permission_handler

二、Android iOS中添加相应权限

Android

1、将以下内容添加到“gradle.properties”文件中：(针对androidX及以上的版本)

android.useAndroidX=true
android.enableJetifier=true

2、确保"android/app/build.gradle"的 compileSdkVersion到31:

android {
  compileSdkVersion 31
  ...
}

3、在“AndroidManifest.xml”添加本项目需要用到的权限：

	<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
	<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />

ios

1、Podfile 文件添加如下内容：

post_install do |installer|
  installer.pods_project.targets.each do |target|
    target.build_configurations.each do |config|
      ... # Here are some configurations automatically generated by flutter

      # You can enable the permissions needed here. For example to enable camera
      # permission, just remove the `#` character in front so it looks like this:
      #
      # ## dart: PermissionGroup.camera
      # 'PERMISSION_CAMERA=1'
      #
      #  Preprocessor definitions can be found in: https://github.com/Baseflow/flutter-permission-handler/blob/master/permission_handler/ios/Classes/PermissionHandlerEnums.h
      config.build_settings['GCC_PREPROCESSOR_DEFINITIONS'] ||= [
        '$(inherited)',

        ## dart: PermissionGroup.calendar
        # 'PERMISSION_EVENTS=1',

        ## dart: PermissionGroup.reminders
        # 'PERMISSION_REMINDERS=1',

        ## dart: PermissionGroup.contacts
        # 'PERMISSION_CONTACTS=1',

        ## dart: PermissionGroup.camera
        # 'PERMISSION_CAMERA=1',

        ## dart: PermissionGroup.microphone
        # 'PERMISSION_MICROPHONE=1',

        ## dart: PermissionGroup.speech
        # 'PERMISSION_SPEECH_RECOGNIZER=1',

        ## dart: PermissionGroup.photos
        # 'PERMISSION_PHOTOS=1',

        ## dart: [PermissionGroup.location, PermissionGroup.locationAlways, PermissionGroup.locationWhenInUse]
        # 'PERMISSION_LOCATION=1',

        ## dart: PermissionGroup.notification
        # 'PERMISSION_NOTIFICATIONS=1',

        ## dart: PermissionGroup.mediaLibrary
        # 'PERMISSION_MEDIA_LIBRARY=1',

        ## dart: PermissionGroup.sensors
        # 'PERMISSION_SENSORS=1',   

        ## dart: PermissionGroup.bluetooth
        # 'PERMISSION_BLUETOOTH=1',

        ## dart: PermissionGroup.appTrackingTransparency
        # 'PERMISSION_APP_TRACKING_TRANSPARENCY=1',

        ## dart: PermissionGroup.criticalAlerts
        # 'PERMISSION_CRITICAL_ALERTS=1'
      ]

    end
  end
end

2、删除要使用的权限前面的字符。例如，如果您需要访问相册，请确保代码如下所示：

## dart: PermissionGroup.photos
        'PERMISSION_PHOTOS=1',

3、Info.plist 添加

<!-- 保存图片权限 -->
<key>NSPhotoLibraryAddUsageDescription</key>
<string>Please allow the APP to save photos to the album</string>

4、Clean & Rebuild

三、申请权限

1、申请单个权限：

var status = await Permission.camera.status;
if (status.isDenied) {
  // We didn't ask for permission yet or the permission has been denied before but not permanently.
}

// You can can also directly ask the permission about its status.
if (await Permission.location.isRestricted) {
  // The OS restricts access, for example because of parental controls.
}

2、申请多个权限：

if (await Permission.contacts.request().isGranted) {
  // Either the permission was already granted before or the user just granted it.
}

// You can request multiple permissions at once.
Map<Permission, PermissionStatus> statuses = await [
  Permission.location,
  Permission.storage,
].request();
print(statuses[Permission.location]);

3、granted 通过，denied 被拒绝，permanentlyDenied 拒绝且不在提示，权限被拒绝时，跳转手机设置页面让用户自行开启权限

 openAppSettings();

调用前需要先导包

import 'package:permission_handler/permission_handler.dart';

四、示例

  ///请求录音相机权限
  Future<bool> getMicrophonePermission() async {
    // You can request multiple permissions at once.
    Map<Permission, PermissionStatus> statuses = await [
      Permission.microphone,
      Permission.camera,
    ].request();

    //granted 通过，denied 被拒绝，permanentlyDenied 拒绝且不在提示
    if (statuses[Permission.microphone].isGranted &&
        statuses[Permission.camera].isGranted) {
      return true;
    }
    return false;
  }

getMicrophonePermission()
            .then((value) {
                if (value) {有权限
                                  
                }else{//没有权限
                
                 openAppSettings();//打开app系统设置
                                }
                              });