So, you think you know JavaScript?

本文通过几个示例探讨了JavaScript中变量作用域、函数作用域链、变量提升等概念,并深入分析了实际参数与形式参数的区别及其在函数执行过程中的表现。
<script type="text/javascript">
//So, you think you know JavaScript? 
//demo-01:
if (!("a" in window)) {
    var a = 1;
}
console.log(a);//undefined

//demo-02:
var a = 1,
    b = function a (x) {
        x && a (--x);
    };
console.log(a);//1

//demo-03
function a(x) {
	return x * 2;
}
var a;
console.log(a);//function a(x){...}
//其实此处是变量提升即:
var a;
function a(x){
	return x*2;
}
//或者:
var a=function(x){
	return x*2;
}

//demo-04

function b (x, y, z, k) {
	var x=5;
	var y;
	console.log(arguments.length);//3
	console.log(x);//5
	console.log(y);//2
	console.log(arguments[0]);//5
	console.log(k);//undefined
    arguments[2] = 10;
    console.log(z);//10
}
b(1, 2, 3);
/*
首先,我们来了解两个概念,形式参数和实际参数。形式参数指的是定义方法时所明确指定的参数,
由于Javascript语言的灵活性,javascript并不要求方法调用时,所传递的参数个数与形式参数一致.
而javascript实际调用时所传递的参数就是实际参数。arguments指的就是实际参数。从say方法中可以看出,
say定义了四个形式参数,而实际调用时只传递了三个值。因此arguments.length的值为3,而不是4.接着我们来看一下arguments的特殊行为,
个人感觉arguments会将所有的实际参数都当作对象来看待,对于基本数据类型的实际参数则会转换为其对应的对象类型。
这是根据在函数内定义与形式参数同名的变量并赋值,arguments对应的值会跟着改变来判断的。
接着我们来分析一下构建b方法执行上下文的过程,由于逻辑比较复杂,
*/
function b(x,y,z,k){

	//先对函数声明的变量进行'预解析'
	var x=undefined;
	var y=undefined;
	var z=undefined;
	var k=undefined;
	
	//再对函数内部声明的变量进行'预解析'
	var x=undefined;//无意义
	var y=undefined;//无意义
	
	//对实际参数进行赋值
	x = new Number(1);//arguments的会将所有实际参数当作对象看待
	y = new Number(2);
	z = new Number(3);
	
	//正式进入函数代码部分
	x=5;
	y;//被'预解析了,不会再执行'
	console.log(arguments.length);//3
	console.log(x);//5
	console.log(y);//2
	console.log(arguments[0]);//5
	console.log(k);//undefined
    arguments[2] = 10;//此处更改的是实际参数(arguments)
    console.log(z);//10
}
/*
下面我们再来看看此函数作用域及作用域链:
首先,我们知道每一个javascript函数都被表示为对象,进一步说,他是函数的一个实例,
函数对象正如其他对象那样,有一些可以编程访问的属性,还有一些不能被程序访问,只能javascript内部引擎使用的属性
如[[scope]]属性,此属性包含一个函数创建作用域中对象的集合,此集合被称为函数的作用域链,它决定哪些数据可由函数访问,
此函数作用域链中的每个对象都是一个可变对象,每个可变对象都以"键值"对存在,当函数创建后,它的作用域链被填充以对象,
这些对象代码创建此函数中可访问的数据。
===>当b()方法被创建时,它的作用域链中被创建了一个单独的可变对象,此全局对象代表了所有全局范围内定义的变量。
*/



</script>
待续中....


 

<think>Hmm, the user is asking how to enable JavaScript and Cookies in C language. That's an interesting question because it mixes different layers of web technology. Let me analyze this carefully. First, I recall from the system instructions that all inline math needs $...$ formatting and standalone formulas need $$...$$. But this query doesn't seem to require math, so I'll focus on the technical aspects. Looking at the user's question history, they previously provided several references about cURL, Node.js, and cookie handling. The current question seems to stem from that context - they want to know how to implement JavaScript and cookie functionality using C. Ah, I see the confusion here. JavaScript is fundamentally a client-side/browser technology, while C is a systems programming language. You can't "enable JavaScript" in C itself. What the user probably wants is either: - How to embed a JavaScript engine in a C program (like using V8) - Or how to handle cookies in C network programming The references give good clues. Reference [1] shows cookie handling with cURL, reference [3] talks about Node.js performance, and reference [4] discusses cookie security. The user seems to be working on some web-related C project that needs to interact with JavaScript environments or handle web cookies. For the implementation part, I should explain: 1) For JavaScript: Mention embedding engines like V8 or Duktape in C programs 2) For cookies: Focus on cURL methods since they provided that example 3) Security aspects from reference [4] like HTTPS and SameSite attributes The challenge is making clear that C doesn't natively support these web technologies - we need libraries. I'll structure the answer to first clarify this distinction, then provide concrete implementation paths with examples from their references. Also noting the user wants Chinese responses per system instructions. I'll prepare the Chinese version accordingly while keeping the thought process in English. </think>基于您的需求,我将分步解释C语言中处理JavaScript和Cookie的方法: --- ### 一、核心概念澄清 1. **C语言的角色限制** C语言本身无法直接"启用JavaScript",因为: - JavaScript是浏览器或Node.js等环境执行的脚本语言 - C语言通常用于系统级开发或网络库(如cURL) 2. **Cookie处理逻辑** 在C语言中操作Cookie的本质是通过HTTP协议头管理会话状态: ```c // 手动设置Cookie示例(参考引用[1]) curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_COOKIE, "session_id=abc123; user_token=xyz"); ``` --- ### 二、具体实现方案 #### (1) 嵌入JavaScript引擎 通过嵌入JavaScript引擎实现JS执行: ```c #include <v8.h> // Google V8引擎 int main() { // 创建V8执行环境 v8::Isolate* isolate = v8::Isolate::New(); v8::HandleScope handle_scope(isolate); // 执行JS代码 v8::Local<v8::String> source = v8::String::NewFromUtf8(isolate, "console.log('Hello from JS')"); v8::Local<v8::Script> script = v8::Script::Compile(source); script->Run(); isolate->Dispose(); } ``` > 需链接libv8.a库(参考Node.js原理[^2]) #### (2) Cookie管理(cURL方案) ```c #include <curl/curl.h> int main() { CURL *curl = curl_easy_init(); // 自动处理Cookie(参考引用[1][4]) curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE, ""); // 启用Cookie引擎 // HTTPS必须启用(参考引用[4]) curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, 1L); // 发送带Cookie的请求 curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_URL, "https://example.com/api"); curl_easy_perform(curl); // 保存会话Cookie curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_COOKIEJAR, "/tmp/cookies.txt"); } ``` #### (3) 安全关键配置(参考引用[4]) ```c // 设置安全属性 curl_slist *headers = NULL; headers = curl_slist_append(headers, "Cookie: session_token=abc123; Secure; SameSite=None"); curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, headers); ``` --- ### 三、流程总结 ```mermaid graph LR A[C程序] --> B{目标操作} B -->|执行JS| C[嵌入V8/Duktape引擎] B -->|处理Cookie| D[cURL库配置] D --> E[自动会话管理] D --> F[手动设置Cookie] F --> G[Secure/SameSite属性] ``` --- ### 四、注意事项 1. **安全规范**(参考引用[4]) - 必须启用HTTPS - 避免`Access-Control-Allow-Origin:*` - 敏感Cookie设置`HttpOnly` 2. **性能对比** 虽然C性能高,但JS处理并发请求效率更优(事件驱动模型)[^3] ---
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