c# mutex使用示例

来自：http://outofmemory.cn/code-snippet/1631/c-mutex-usage-example

Mutex：/mjuteks/互斥(体) 又称同步基元使用了System.Threading 命名空间。

当创建一个应用程序类时，将同时创建一个系统范围内的命名的Mutex对象。这个互斥元在整个操作系统中都是可见的。当已经存在一个同名的互斥元时，构造函数将会输出一个布尔值。程序代码通过检测这个布尔值来判断指定的程序实例是否启动，如果已经存在同名互斥元的话，则显示一个对话框，告知用户应用程序已经启动，并退出应用程序

using System.Runtime.InteropServices;   //GuidAttribute
using System.Reflection;                //Assembly
using System.Threading;                 //Mutex
using System.Security.AccessControl;    //MutexAccessRule
using System.Security.Principal;        //SecuirtyIdentifier

static void Main(string[] args)
{
    // get application GUID as defined in AssemblyInfo.cs
    string appGuid = ((GuidAttribute)Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().GetCustomAttributes(typeof(GuidAttribute), false).GetValue(0)).Value.ToString();

    // unique id for global mutex - Global prefix means it is global to the machine
    string mutexId = string.Format( "Global\\{{{0}}}", appGuid );

    using (var mutex = new Mutex(false, mutexId))
    {
        // edited by Jeremy Wiebe to add example of setting up security for multi-user usage
        // edited by 'Marc' to work also on localized systems (don't use just "Everyone") 
        var allowEveryoneRule = new MutexAccessRule(new SecurityIdentifier(WellKnownSidType.WorldSid, null), MutexRights.FullControl, AccessControlType.Allow);
        var securitySettings = new MutexSecurity();
        securitySettings.AddAccessRule(allowEveryoneRule);
        mutex.SetAccessControl(securitySettings);

        // edited by acidzombie24
        var hasHandle = false;
        try
        {
            try
            {
                // note, you may want to time out here instead of waiting forever
                // edited by acidzombie24
                // mutex.WaitOne(Timeout.Infinite, false);
                hasHandle = mutex.WaitOne(5000, false);
                if (hasHandle == false)
                    throw new TimeoutException("Timeout waiting for exclusive access");
            }
            catch (AbandonedMutexException)
            {
                // Log the fact the mutex was abandoned in another process, it will still get aquired
                hasHandle = true;
            }

            // Perform your work here.
        }
        finally
        {
            // edited by acidzombie24, added if statemnet
            if(hasHandle)
                mutex.ReleaseMutex();
        }
    }
}