spring线程池的使用示例，测试拒绝任务和任务装饰器

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原创最新推荐文章于 2026-08-24 10:44:43 发布 811 阅读 AI 写同款· GEO 优化 ›

springboot使用线程池的实际应用（一）在这个示例中，我们在UserService类中将TransactionTemplate和ApplicationContext添加到构造函数中，并将UserProcessor的处理方法改为接受一个boolean类型的参数，该参数表示异步线程是否需要在一个活动的事务中执行。此时所有用户的处理操作都会在各自线程中并发执行，当所有用户处理完成后，我们可以将结果回写到数据库中。在上面的代码示例中，我们使用了线程安全的ExecutorService线程池，并且在更新用户数据时，使用了线程安全的数据库操作对象。阅读详情

corePoolSize：核心线程数。 maximumPoolSize：最大线程数。表明线程中最多能够创建的线程数量。
keepAliveTime：空闲的线程保留的时间。 unit：空闲线程的保留时间单位。 BlockingQueue
workQueue：用于保存等待执行的任务的阻塞队列。可以选择以下几个阻塞队列。
1、ArrayBlockingQueue：是一个基于数组结构的有界阻塞队列，此队列按 FIFO（先进先出）原则对元素进行排序。
2、LinkedBlockingQueue：一个基于链表结构的阻塞队列，此队列按FIFO （先进先出）
排序元素，吞吐量通常要高于ArrayBlockingQueue。静态工厂方法Executors.newFixedThreadPool()使用了这个队列
3、SynchronousQueue：一个不存储元素的阻塞队列。每个插入操作必须等到另一个线程调用移除操作，否则插入操作一直处于阻塞状态，吞吐量通常要高于LinkedBlockingQueue，静态工厂方法Executors.newCachedThreadPool使用了这个队列。
4、PriorityBlockingQueue：一个具有优先级的无限阻塞队列。
threadFactory：用于设置创建线程的工厂，可以通过线程工厂给每个创建出来的线程做些更有意义的事情，比如设置daemon和优先级等等
handler：饱和策略处理器。默认提供的4中策略上面已经有解释了

通过测试方法，来测试线程池的拒绝任务和装饰器任务的使用

package com.myzy.auth.reetrantlock;

import org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskExecutor;

import java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor;

/**
 * 测试spring线程池，包装了JDK的ThreadPoolExecutor 提供了默认的最大线程池
 */
public class TestThreadPoolTaskExecutor {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ThreadPoolTaskExecutor threadPoolExecutor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor();
        threadPoolExecutor.setAllowCoreThreadTimeOut(true);
        threadPoolExecutor.setCorePoolSize(2);
        threadPoolExecutor.setMaxPoolSize(4);
        threadPoolExecutor.setQueueCapacity(10);
        threadPoolExecutor.setTaskDecorator(runnable -> {//线程任务的装饰器
            System.out.println("执行任务前执行，装饰线程任务");
            return () -> {
                runnable.run();
                System.out.println("执行线程后执行");
            };
        });
        threadPoolExecutor.setRejectedExecutionHandler(new ThreadPoolExecutor.AbortPolicy());//抛出异常来拒绝
        threadPoolExecutor.initialize();

        for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
            threadPoolExecutor.execute(() -> {
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(1000L);
                    System.out.println("任务执行");
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            });
        }
    }
}

执行结果

"C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_231\bin\java.exe" "-javaagent:C:\Program Files\JetBrains\IntelliJ IDEA 2021.2.3\lib\idea_rt.jar=55291:C:\Program Files\JetBrains\IntelliJ IDEA 2021.2.3\bin" -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -classpath "C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_231\jre\lib\charsets.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_231\jre\lib\deploy.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_231\jre\lib\ext\access-bridge-64.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_231\jre\lib\ext\cldrdata.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_231\jre\lib\ext\dnsns.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_231\jre\lib\ext\jaccess.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_231\jre\lib\ext\jfxrt.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_231\jre\lib\ext\localedata.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_231\jre\lib\ext\nashorn.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_231\jre\lib\ext\sunec.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_231\jre\lib\ext\sunjce_provider.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_231\jre\lib\ext\sunmscapi.jar;C:\Program 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0\sentinel-parameter-flow-control-1.8.0.jar;D:\work\repository\com\googlecode\concurrentlinkedhashmap\concurrentlinkedhashmap-lru\1.4.2\concurrentlinkedhashmap-lru-1.4.2.jar;D:\work\repository\com\alibaba\csp\sentinel-cluster-server-default\1.8.0\sentinel-cluster-server-default-1.8.0.jar;D:\work\repository\com\alibaba\csp\sentinel-cluster-common-default\1.8.0\sentinel-cluster-common-default-1.8.0.jar;D:\work\repository\com\alibaba\csp\sentinel-cluster-client-default\1.8.0\sentinel-cluster-client-default-1.8.0.jar;D:\work\repository\com\alibaba\cloud\spring-cloud-alibaba-sentinel-datasource\2.2.3.RELEASE\spring-cloud-alibaba-sentinel-datasource-2.2.3.RELEASE.jar;D:\work\repository\com\fasterxml\jackson\core\jackson-core\2.10.0\jackson-core-2.10.0.jar;D:\work\repository\com\fasterxml\jackson\core\jackson-databind\2.10.0\jackson-databind-2.10.0.jar;D:\work\repository\com\fasterxml\jackson\core\jackson-annotations\2.10.2\jackson-annotations-2.10.2.jar" com.myzy.auth.reetrantlock.TestThreadPoolTaskExecutor
22:02:23.623 [main] INFO org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskExecutor - Initializing ExecutorService
执行任务前执行，装饰线程任务
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执行任务前执行，装饰线程任务
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Exception in thread "main" org.springframework.core.task.TaskRejectedException: Executor [org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskExecutor$1@42d3bd8b[Running, pool size = 4, active threads = 4, queued tasks = 10, completed tasks = 0]] did not accept task: com.myzy.auth.reetrantlock.TestThreadPoolTaskExecutor$$Lambda$2/762218386@26ba2a48
	at org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskExecutor.execute(ThreadPoolTaskExecutor.java:317)
	at com.myzy.auth.reetrantlock.TestThreadPoolTaskExecutor.main(TestThreadPoolTaskExecutor.java:28)
Caused by: java.util.concurrent.RejectedExecutionException: Task com.myzy.auth.reetrantlock.TestThreadPoolTaskExecutor$$Lambda$3/672320506@dfd3711 rejected from org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskExecutor$1@42d3bd8b[Running, pool size = 4, active threads = 4, queued tasks = 10, completed tasks = 0]
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$AbortPolicy.rejectedExecution(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:2063)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.reject(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:830)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.execute(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1379)
	at org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskExecutor$1.execute(ThreadPoolTaskExecutor.java:238)
	at org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskExecutor.execute(ThreadPoolTaskExecutor.java:314)
	... 1 more
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Process finished with exit code 130