bash shell:获取当前脚本的绝对路径(pwd/readlink)

获取Shell脚本绝对路径
本文介绍了两种在Shell脚本中获取当前执行脚本绝对路径的方法:使用dirname结合cd和pwd命令,以及利用readlink命令简化路径获取过程。

dirname

有时候,我们需要知道当前执行的输出shell脚本的所在绝对路径,可以用dirname实现。
我们知道 dirname 可以获取一个文件所在的路径,dirname的用处是:

输出已经去除了尾部的"/“字符部分的名称;如果名称中不包含”/“,
则显示”."(表示当前目录)。

下面是dirname的命令行说明:
这里写图片描述
从上面的描述可知道,直接从dirname返回的未必是绝对路径,取决于提供给dirname的参数是否是绝对路径。
所以下面这样的代码中SHELL_FOLDER中不一定是绝对路径

SHELL_FOLDER=$(dirname "$0")

需要用cdpwd命令配合获取脚本所在绝对路径,正确的写法是这样的,

SHELL_FOLDER=$(cd "$(dirname "$0")";pwd)

readlink

如果你觉得上面的写法比较麻烦,还有一个方式获取脚本的绝对路径,就是借助readlink命令,下面是readlink的命令行说明:
这里写图片描述

所以用readlink命令我们可以直接获取$0参数的全路径文件名,然后再用dirname获取其所在的绝对路径:

SHELL_FOLDER=$(dirname $(readlink -f "$0"))

参考:
http://my.oschina.net/leejun2005/blog/150662
http://blog.youkuaiyun.com/zz198808/article/details/9319479

[root@yfw ~]# cd /etc/systemd/system [root@yfw system]# ls -l /opt/openfire/lib/startup.jar -rwxr-xr-x 1 openfire openfire 51542 Feb 1 1980 /opt/openfire/lib/startup.jar [root@yfw system]# sudo -u openfire cat /opt/openfire/lib/startup.jar | head -c 4 PK[root@yfw system]# sudo sed -i '/^su -s \/bin\/sh -c/c\ > su -s /bin/sh -c "\ > echo \"DEBUG: Current user: $(whoami)\";\ > echo \"DEBUG: Current dir: $(pwd)\";\ > echo \"DEBUG: Checking startup.jar...\";\ > ls -l lib/startup.jar;\ > file lib/startup.jar;\ > java -cp lib/startup.jar org.jivesoftware.openfire.starter.ServerStarter --help 2>&1 || echo \\\"Failed to run ServerStarter\\\";\ > echo \"Starting OpenFire正式启动...\";\ > exec '\"$JAVA\"' \ > -server \ > -Xms64m \ > -Xmx512m \ > -DopenfireHome=\"'$OPENFIRE_HOME'\" \ > -Dopenfire.lib.dir=\"'$OPENFIRE_HOME'/lib\" \ > -Dlog4j.configurationFile=\"file://'$OPENFIRE_HOME'/lib/log4j2.xml\" \ > -classpath '\"$CP\"' \ > org.jivesoftware.openfire.starter.ServerStarter" openfire >> "$LOG_FILE" 2>&1 &\' /opt/openfire/bin/start.sh [root@yfw system]# /opt/openfire/bin/start.sh Using Java: /usr/lib/jvm/java-17-openjdk/bin/java Java Version: openjdk version "17.0.1" 2021-10-19 LTS OpenJDK Runtime Environment 21.9 (build 17.0.1+12-LTS) OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 21.9 (build 17.0.1+12-LTS, mixed mode, sharing) Classpath: /opt/openfire/lib/activation-1.1.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/apache-el-9.0.107.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/apache-jsp-9.0.107.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/asm-9.8.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/asm-commons-9.8.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/asm-tree-9.8.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/bcpg-jdk18on-1.78.1.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/bcpkix-jdk18on-1.78.1.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/bcprov-jdk18on-1.78.1.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/bcutil-jdk18on-1.78.1.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/caffeine-3.2.0.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/checker-qual-3.33.0.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/common-image-3.9.4.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/common-io-3.9.4.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/common-lang-3.9.4.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/commons-codec-1.15.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/commons-dbcp2-2.9.0.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/commons-ip-math-1.32.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/commons-lang3-3.18.0.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/commons-logging-1.2.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/commons-pool2-2.9.0.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/commons-text-1.10.0.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/dom4j-2.1.4.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/dwr-3.0.2-RELEASE.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/ecj-3.33.0.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/error_prone_annotations-2.18.0.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/failureaccess-1.0.1.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/guava-32.0.1-jre.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/hsqldb-2.7.1.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/httpclient-4.5.13.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/httpcore-4.4.13.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/i18n-5.0.2.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/imageio-bmp-3.9.4.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/imageio-core-3.9.4.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/istack-commons-runtime-3.0.11.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/j2objc-annotations-2.8.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/jakarta.activation-1.2.2.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/jakarta.annotation-api-1.3.5.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/jakarta.transaction-api-1.3.3.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/jakarta.xml.bind-api-2.3.3.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/jansi-1.18.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/javax.activation-api-1.2.0.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/javax.mail-1.6.2.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/jaxb-api-2.3.1.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/jaxb-runtime-2.3.3.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/jaxen-1.2.0.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/jcip-annotations-1.0.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/jcl-over-slf4j-2.0.9.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/jetty-ee-12.0.24.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/jetty-ee8-annotations-12.0.24.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/jetty-ee8-apache-jsp-12.0.24.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/jetty-ee8-nested-12.0.24.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/jetty-ee8-plus-12.0.24.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/jetty-ee8-security-12.0.24.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/jetty-ee8-servlet-12.0.24.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/jetty-ee8-webapp-12.0.24.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/jetty-ee8-websocket-jetty-api-12.0.24.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/jetty-ee8-websocket-jetty-common-12.0.24.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/jetty-ee8-websocket-jetty-server-12.0.24.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/jetty-ee8-websocket-servlet-12.0.24.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/jetty-http-12.0.24.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/jetty-io-12.0.24.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/jetty-jmx-12.0.24.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/jetty-jndi-12.0.24.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/jetty-plus-12.0.24.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/jetty-security-12.0.24.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/jetty-server-12.0.24.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/jetty-servlet-api-4.0.6.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/jetty-session-12.0.24.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/jetty-util-12.0.24.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/jetty-websocket-core-common-12.0.24.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/jetty-websocket-core-server-12.0.24.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/jetty-xml-12.0.24.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/jmdns-1.0.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/jsmpp-2.3.10.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/json-20231013.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/jspecify-1.0.0.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/jsr305-3.0.2.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/jtds-1.3.1.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/jzlib-1.1.3.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/libidn-1.35.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/listenablefuture-9999.0-empty-to-avoid-conflict-with-guava.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/log4j-api-2.20.0.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/log4j-core-2.20.0.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/log4j-slf4j2-impl-2.20.0.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/mssql-jdbc-9.4.1.jre11.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/mysql-connector-j-8.2.0.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/netty-all-4.1.118.Final.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/netty-buffer-4.1.118.Final.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/netty-codec-4.1.118.Final.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/netty-codec-dns-4.1.118.Final.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/netty-codec-haproxy-4.1.118.Final.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/netty-codec-http2-4.1.118.Final.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/netty-codec-http-4.1.118.Final.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/netty-codec-memcache-4.1.118.Final.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/netty-codec-mqtt-4.1.118.Final.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/netty-codec-redis-4.1.118.Final.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/netty-codec-smtp-4.1.118.Final.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/netty-codec-socks-4.1.118.Final.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/netty-codec-stomp-4.1.118.Final.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/netty-codec-xml-4.1.118.Final.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/netty-common-4.1.118.Final.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/netty-handler-4.1.118.Final.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/netty-handler-proxy-4.1.118.Final.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/netty-handler-ssl-ocsp-4.1.118.Final.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/netty-resolver-4.1.118.Final.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/netty-resolver-dns-4.1.118.Final.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/netty-resolver-dns-classes-macos-4.1.118.Final.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/netty-resolver-dns-native-macos-4.1.118.Final-osx-aarch_64.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/netty-resolver-dns-native-macos-4.1.118.Final-osx-x86_64.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/netty-transport-4.1.118.Final.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/netty-transport-classes-epoll-4.1.118.Final.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/netty-transport-classes-kqueue-4.1.118.Final.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/netty-transport-native-epoll-4.1.118.Final-linux-aarch_64.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/netty-transport-native-epoll-4.1.118.Final-linux-riscv64.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/netty-transport-native-epoll-4.1.118.Final-linux-x86_64.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/netty-transport-native-kqueue-4.1.118.Final-osx-aarch_64.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/netty-transport-native-kqueue-4.1.118.Final-osx-x86_64.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/netty-transport-native-unix-common-4.1.118.Final.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/netty-transport-rxtx-4.1.118.Final.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/netty-transport-sctp-4.1.118.Final.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/netty-transport-udt-4.1.118.Final.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/ojdbc11-23.7.0.25.01.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/ons-23.7.0.25.01.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/oraclepki-23.7.0.25.01.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/orai18n-23.7.0.25.01.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/postgresql-42.7.7.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/rsi-23.7.0.25.01.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/shaj-0.5.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/simplefan-23.7.0.25.01.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/sitemesh-2.5.0.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/slf4j-api-2.0.9.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/startup.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/taglibs-standard-impl-1.2.5.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/taglibs-standard-spec-1.2.5.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/tinder-2.1.0.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/txw2-2.3.3.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/ucp-23.7.0.25.01.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/xdb-23.7.0.25.01.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/xmppserver-5.0.2.jar:/opt/openfire/lib/xpp3-1.1.4c.0.jar Starting OpenFire... /opt/openfire/bin/start.sh: line 48: cd: $OPENFIRE_HOME: No such file or directory /opt/openfire/bin/start.sh: line 49: exec: $JAVA: not found [root@yfw system]# tail -f /opt/openfire/logs/nohup.out DEBUG: Current user: root DEBUG: Current dir: /opt/openfire DEBUG: Checking startup.jar... -rwxr-xr-x 1 openfire openfire 51542 Feb 1 1980 lib/startup.jar lib/startup.jar: Zip archive data, at least v1.0 to extract Error: LinkageError occurred while loading main class org.jivesoftware.openfire.starter.ServerStarter java.lang.UnsupportedClassVersionError: org/jivesoftware/openfire/starter/ServerStarter has been compiled by a more recent version of the Java Runtime (class file version 61.0), this version of the Java Runtime only recognizes class file versions up to 55.0 "Failed to run ServerStarter" Starting OpenFire正式启动... sh: line 0: exec: -s: invalid option exec: usage: exec [-cl] [-a name] [command [arguments ...]] [redirection ...]
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