Spring基础：快速入门spring（10）：Java配置注入

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本文通过实例演示了如何使用Java配置的方式实现依赖注入。重点介绍了Spring框架中通过注解Configuration和Bean来配置bean的方法，并提供了具体的代码实现。

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本篇文章我们通过例子看一下如何使用java配置的方式实现注入。Java配置的方式是Spring4之后的推荐，也是spring boot的配置方式。Java配置是通过注解Configration+Bean实现的。

这里写图片描述

创建spring的project和设定

Java->Groovy->Create project from template/Commad Line App->springdemo/com.liumiao.demo.spring
Alt + Ctrl + Shift + S（IntelliJ IDEA） -> 将spring的lib全部加入到Dependency中

SwimmingService: 提供服务的类(注入对象)

这是跟普通的注解不同之处，需要注入的类就是非常单纯的类而已，没有spring的任何注解等特殊之处

package com.liumiao.demo.spring;

public class SwimmingService {
  public SwimmingService(){
    System.out.println("Default SwimmingService Constructor is called.");
  }
  public String providSwimmingCoachingService(){
    return "Swimming coaching Service provided.";
  }
}

Person Interface

package com.liumiao.demo.spring;

public interface Person {
  public String sayhello();
}

Teacher类

此处也没有注解，但是有了setter方式的实现。

package com.liumiao.demo.spring;

public class Teacher implements Person{
  private SwimmingService swimmingService;

  @Override
  public String sayhello(){
    return "Hello, I am a teacher";
  }

  public void setSwimmingService(SwimmingService swimmingService) {
    this.swimmingService = swimmingService;
  }

  public String provideSwimmingCoaching(){
    return swimmingService.providSwimmingCoachingService();
  }
}

配置类

使用Bean注解声明所有的bean

package com.liumiao.demo.spring;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
public class MyConfig {
  @Bean
  public SwimmingService swimmingService(){
    return new SwimmingService();
  }

  @Bean
  public Teacher teacher(){
    Teacher teacher = new Teacher();
    teacher.setSwimmingService(swimmingService());
    return teacher;
  }
}

TestDemo：使用spring

package com.liumiao.demo.spring;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;

public class TestDemo {
  public static void main(String[] args){
    AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context =new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(MyConfig.class);
    Teacher person = context.getBean(Teacher.class);
    System.out.println(person.provideSwimmingCoaching());
    context.close();
  }
}

执行结果

Nov 27, 2016 2:13:33 PM org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext prepareRefresh
情報: Refreshing org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext@3d646c37: startup date [Thu Nov 27 14:13:33 CST 2016]; root of context hierarchy
Default SwimmingService Constructor is called.
Nov 27, 2016 2:13:34 PM org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext doClose
Swimming coaching Service provided.
情報: Closing org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext@3d646c37: startup date [Thu Nov 27 14:13:33 CST 2016]; root of context hierarchy