python使用queue队列实现生产者消费者

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#python #queue #生产者消费者

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本文介绍了如何利用Python的queue模块实现生产者消费者问题。通过设置队列容量限制，当队列未满时生产者可以生产，否则等待消费者消费；而消费者在队列不为空时才能消费，否则等待生产。同时提到了threading.Condition也是解决此类问题的一种方式。

queue使用方法，<<详情参考>>
使用queue队列实现生产者消费者问题
另threading.condition也可实现生产者消费者问题，<<详情参考>>

示例：
生产者可以有多个，消费者可以有多个，但是市场容量是有一定限度的
一件产品。投放到市场上，市场需求可以看作一个箱子box，是容量限度
当小于box大小，即队列没有满full，生产者可以生产，否则等待消费者消费，生产者有生产效率，使用speed表示
当产品大于0，即队列不为空null，才可进行消费，否则就等待生产者生产

import threading
import queue
import time
import random
from decimal import Decimal

box=15
queuelist = queue.Queue(box)

class GoodsProduce(threading.Thread):
    def __init__(self,companyName,produceSpeed,info):
        super(GoodsProduce,self).__init__()
        self.companyName=companyName
        self.produceSpeed=Decimal(2/produceSpeed).quantize(Decimal('0.00'))
        self.info=info
    def run(self):
        while True:
           if not queuelist.full():
              time.sleep(self.produceSpeed)
              str="goods-%d"%random.randint(1,100)
              queuelist.put(str)
              print "GoodsProduce : %s create %s , now box have :%d" % (self.companyName,str, queuelist.qsize())
           else:
               print "NOTE: BOX is full , size %d ,filled %d" % (box, box)
               time.sleep(1)
    def show(self):
        print "companyName -- %s ,produceSpeed -- %s, infomation -- %s"%(self.companyName,self.produceSpeed,self.info)

class GoodsConsume(threading.Thread):
    def __init__(self,cname,area,info):
        super(GoodsConsume,self).__init__()
        self.cname=cname
        self.area=area
        self.info=info
    def run(self):
        while True:
            if not queuelist.empty():
                gname=queuelist.get()
                print "GoodsConsumer %s get %s , now box have :%d" % (self.cname,gname, queuelist.qsize())
            else :
                time.sleep(1)
                if  queuelist.empty():
                   print "NOTE: BOX is null ,please wait ...  size %d ,fillin 0" % (box)

            time.sleep(2)
    def show(self):
        print "GoodsConsume %s area -- %s ,infomation -- %s"%(self.cname,self.area,self.info)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    for server_num in range(0, 2):
        server = GoodsProduce("Prd-%d"%server_num,server_num+1,"this is %d prd company"%server_num)
        server.start()
        server.show()

    for customer_num in range(0, 5):
        customer = GoodsConsume("cus-%d"%customer_num,"area-%d"%customer_num,"this is %d customer"%customer_num)
        customer.start()
        customer.show()

输出：

companyName -- Prd-0 ,produceSpeed -- 2.00, infomation -- this is 0 prd company
companyName -- Prd-1 ,produceSpeed -- 1.00, infomation -- this is 1 prd company
GoodsConsume cus-0 area -- area-0 ,infomation -- this is 0 customer
GoodsConsume cus-1 area -- area-1 ,infomation -- this is 1 customer
GoodsConsume cus-2 area -- area-2 ,infomation -- this is 2 customer
GoodsConsume cus-3 area -- area-3 ,infomation -- this is 3 customer
GoodsConsume cus-4 area -- area-4 ,infomation -- this is 4 customer
GoodsProduce : Prd-1 create goods-16 , now box have :1
GoodsProduce : Prd-0 create goods-9 , now box have :2
GoodsProduce : Prd-1 create goods-44 , now box have :3
GoodsConsumer cus-1 get goods-16 , now box have :2
GoodsConsumer cus-2 get goods-9 , now box have :1
GoodsConsumer cus-0 get goods-44 , now box have :0
GoodsProduce : Prd-1 create goods-41 , now box have :1
GoodsConsumer cus-3 get goods-41 , now box have :0
GoodsProduce : Prd-0 create goods-61 , now box have :1
GoodsProduce : Prd-1 create goods-71 , now box have :2
GoodsConsumer cus-1 get goods-61 , now box have :1
GoodsConsumer cus-2 get goods-71 , now box have :0
NOTE: BOX is null ,please wait ...  size 15 ,fillin 0